Tooth decay is one of the most common oral health issues among both adults and children. But what causes tooth decay? In this article, we discuss this question and outline preventive and restorative dentistry procedures that can help you prevent or treat cavities.
What Causes Tooth Decay?
In the majority of cases, tooth decay is caused by bacteria that gradually destroy the enamel of your teeth, first leading to cavities and, if left untreated, to infections of the inner pulp. The risk factors of tooth decay include:
- Insufficient oral hygiene allows bacteria to form plaque, a sticky film on the teeth, which hardens and turns into tartar if not removed. Plaque and tartar accumulation are the leading causes of cavities and gum disease.
- Sugary and starchy foods are the primary fuel sources for bacteria, which can contribute to their proliferation.
- When bacteria eat starch and sugar, they secrete acids that demineralize and erode the enamel of your teeth.
- A diet high in acidic foods can lead to demineralization and erosion of tooth enamel.
- Dry mouth, caused by reduced saliva production or insufficient hydration, allows bacteria to proliferate and prevents natural enamel remineralization.
- Fluoride deficiency (typically caused by not getting enough fluoride with water and food or not having regular fluoride treatments) hinders enamel repair and tooth resistance to bacteria.
- Some people might have genetically weaker enamel that is more susceptible to bacteria and decay.
How to Prevent Tooth Decay
Since tooth decay is mainly caused by plaque and tartar accumulation in the mouth, an effective daily oral hygiene routine is the primary way to keep your teeth healthy. Good oral hygiene consists of the following steps:
- Brush your teeth for two full minutes, twice a day, with fluoride toothpaste. Try to clean well in hard-to-reach areas and along the gumline.
- Floss your teeth thoroughly every evening.
- Use a water flosser in addition to traditional flossing and brushing. A water flosser effectively loosens plaque and food residue, making subsequent steps more effective.
- Also, a water flosser has been proven to reduce the risk of gum disease.
- Avoid sugary and acidic foods and beverages, and rinse your mouth immediately after the meal if you consume them.
In addition to an effective at-home oral hygiene routine, it is essential to visit your dentist twice a year for checkups, professional cleanings, and fluoride treatments. During a professional cleaning, your doctor can effectively remove lingering plaque and tartar in hard-to-reach areas of your mouth and check for potential oral health issues. A professional fluoride treatment uses more potent fluoride solutions that can deliver an instant boost to your enamel’s health.
Tooth Decay Treatment Methods
Tooth decay can be treated with the following procedures, depending on the severity of the case:
- Dental fillings are used for small surface cavities.
- Onlays and inlays can be used to restore more extensive areas of damage that are too large for fillings but not large enough to merit a crown.
- Root canal therapy is used to treat severe decay that spreads to the inner pulp of the tooth. A dental crown can be placed after root canal therapy to reinforce a weakened tooth.
Make an Appointment at Dental Care of Pomona
If you notice signs of tooth decay, do not hesitate to make an appointment with an experienced general dentist at Dental Care of Pomona. At our office, we use modern diagnostic methods and offer a wide range of procedures to restore and preserve your oral health. We are looking forward to your visit.
